What is an objective gait analysis in dogs?
A gait analysis in dogs refers to the systematic recording and evaluation of the sequence of movements whilst walking or trotting.
Unlike a purely visual assessment, objective gait analysis provides measurable, reproducible data, for example on stride length, weight-bearing, symmetry between the left and right sides of the body, and other biomechanical parameters.
It is primarily used to detect lameness at an early stage, to classify orthopaedic or neurological movement disorders, and to document the progress of treatment in a transparent manner.
How does objective assessment differ from subjective assessment?
The traditional assessment of a dog’s gait is based on observation: does the dog walk evenly, is there any noticeable lameness, and is the dog taking weight off a limb? This assessment is valuable and remains part of every orthopaedic examination, but it is, by its very nature, subjective. Mild or intermittent lameness can only be detected to a limited extent with the naked eye, and dogs often compensate for restricted movement without this being immediately apparent.
This is precisely where objective methods come in: they translate movement into specific measurements that are independent of the examiner’s experience or form on the day, and which can be directly compared across multiple appointments.
How is a gait analysis carried out on a dog?
The basic procedure is similar regardless of the method used: first, the dog’s medical history is briefly recorded and the dog is allowed to acclimatise to the testing environment. The dog then moves, depending on the system, either past sensors, a camera or a treadmill, or whilst equipped with them, over a defined distance or for a specified number of repetitions. Data is recorded in real time whilst the dog is moving. In the final step, the measurement values are analysed and summarised in a report, which complements the veterinary assessment.
It is important for the validity of the results that the conditions remain as comparable as possible, particularly if follow-up monitoring is planned across several measurement points.
What parameters are recorded during a gait analysis?
Depending on the method, different parameters take centre stage. Common parameters include, amongst others:
- Stance phase and swing phase for each limb
- Stride length and stride frequency
- Symmetry between the left and right sides of the body
- Load distribution or ground reaction forces
- Range of motion of individual joints
- Acceleration and rotation of individual body segments
None of these values is meaningful in its own right. It is only when several parameters are considered together that an individual movement pattern can be described in detail
What is a gait analysis used for in dogs?
Objective gait analysis is used in a number of situations: to investigate unclear or mild lameness, to monitor progress following orthopaedic surgery, for the early detection of orthopaedic abnormalities (for example, in young, growing dogs) and as a complementary tool in rehabilitation and physiotherapy. It is also used in scientific research to systematically examine and document movement patterns.
Does gait analysis replace a veterinary examination?
No. Objective gait analysis does not replace either the medical history or the clinical examination; rather, it complements them by providing a measurable, repeatable perspective. An abnormal reading in itself does not constitute a diagnosis. Only when combined with the clinical examination and, where appropriate, imaging techniques, does a complete picture of the situation emerge.
What does that look like in practice?
With LupoGait, 4Dvets utilises a portable, sensor-based method: wireless IMU sensors are positioned on the dog’s back and limbs via a sensor vest and record movement over a defined distance. As the sensors move with the patient, the measurement can be integrated into everyday practice without the need for a fixed measurement station.
Frequently asked questions about gait analysis in dogs
No. A gait analysis is non-invasive. With sensor-based systems, the patient simply wears a lightweight vest fitted with sensors, which does not restrict natural movement. Sedation is not usually necessary.
Depending on the procedure and the dog’s willingness to cooperate, the actual measurement usually takes only a few minutes. In addition, there is a brief period of preparation and follow-up, such as fitting the sensors and discussing the results.
Essentially, whenever a change in movement is unclear and needs to be objectively assessed or monitored over time, from early detection in young dogs, through the investigation of mild lameness, to monitoring progress following surgery.
No. Imaging techniques reveal structural changes, for example in bones or joints. Gait analysis, on the other hand, provides functional information about how the dog actually moves. The two approaches complement each other.
The costs vary depending on the provider, the method used and the region, and are usually quoted directly by the relevant surgery, clinic or testing centre.
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